- Regulatory measures like the Indian Telecom Act significantly amplify the government’s control, leaving the industry with limited recourse, Chirp CEO says.
- Chirp advocates for infrastructure decentralisation as a means to circumvent centralised control and promote innovation and community ownership.
The introduction of the new Telecommunication Act in India in 2023, replacing the age-old Indian Telegraph Act of 1885 and the Indian Wireless Telegraph Act of 1933, has raised significant concerns about the consolidation of power in the hands of the government.
While touted as an act aimed at enhancing consumer protection, the provisions under this new Act have wider implications on the regulatory framework governing the telecom sector in India.
Tim Kravchunovsky, the founder and CEO of Chirp, have voiced apprehensions about the extent of control that governments, not just in India but worldwide, can exert over communication networks.
The Act grants the Indian government sweeping authority over telecommunications networks, particularly in times of emergencies. This heightened control signifies an increased level of surveillance and monitoring of all forms of communication.
Kravchunovsky points out that voice telecommunications have traditionally been subject to strict regulations, with requirements like presenting a passport for acquiring a phone number viewed as mechanisms of public control.
Furthermore, he said that governments play a pivotal role in managing the frequencies employed by telecom companies, holding considerable sway over the industry.
Enhanced powers
Regulatory measures like the Indian Telecom Act significantly amplify the government’s control, leaving the industry with limited recourse.
A key change introduced by the new Act is the enhanced powers granted to the government to assume control over telecom services or networks during emergencies for reasons of security, public order, or crime prevention.
The Act mandates that any telecom entity seeking to establish or operate networks, offer services, or utilize radio equipment must obtain government sanction to safeguard national security interests and foster indigenous technology.
Moreover, the Act empowers the government to establish standards for telecom services and networks to uphold security and quality standards.
Kravchunovsky advocates for infrastructure decentralisation as a means to circumvent centralised control and promote innovation and community ownership.
“By decentralizing physical infrastructure through initiatives like decentralized physical infrastructure networks (DePIN), local communities could wield decision-making authority, prioritizing end-user interests over governmental agendas.”
The Act also ushers in regulations concerning SIM card ownership, restricting the number of SIM cards an individual can hold.
Penalties for misuse
While the majority of individuals can possess up to nine registered SIM cards, residents of specific regions face limitations. Violations of these restrictions incur substantial fines and penalties targeting individuals unlawfully acquiring SIM cards using others’ identification documents.
Furthermore, the Act addresses the nuisance of unsolicited commercial messages, imposing stringent penalties on operators sending unauthorized commercial communications. Additionally, provisions within the Act grant the government the prerogative to authorize telecom companies to install infrastructure on private property without the landowner’s consent, ensuring the uninterrupted expansion and maintenance of vital telecom infrastructure.
Interception and surveillance capabilities conferred to the government under the Act enable the authorities to manage telecom services during national emergencies, safeguarding against potential threats to national security.
While the Act affords provisions for exceptions to certain groups, like accredited journalists, to ensure the preservation of press freedoms, the overarching theme remains one of governmental oversight and control over communication networks.
As India navigates the evolving telecommunications landscape shaped by the new Telecommunication Act 2023, stakeholders, policymakers, and the public at large must critically evaluate the implications of these regulatory changes on privacy, security, and the broader socio-political fabric of the nation.